what is antacid & properties

Definition :  Antacids are the weak base that neutralize or lower the gastric acidity. The chief indication  for administering of an antacid is to neutralize excessive gastric hydrochloric acid which may cause pain and possible ulceration.

Antacid

 Ideal properties of Antacid :

·         Their action should be quick, efficient and prolong.

·         The antacid should not be absorbed and caused systemic alkalosis.

·         They  should not produce acid base imbalance .

·         The antacid should not produce constipation and diarrhea.

·         The antacid should act under a pH range which is 4 to 6.

·         The reaction of the antacid with gastric hydrochloric acid should not be cause a large   

          evolution of gas.

·         The antacid should not interfere with peptic digestion.

·         They should not prevent adsorption of food , minerals and vitamins.

·         They should be non-toxic and non irritant.

·         They should be palatable, cheap and available.

Use of antacids :

ü      Peptic ulcer (gastric and duodenal)

ü      Prophylaxis of stress ulcer.

ü      As a laxative such as Mg(OH)2

ü      As anti-diarrhoeal agent such as Al(OH)3

ü      With other drugs such aspirin, indomethacin    etc.

ü      Systemic acidosis and mineral acid poisoning .

ü      Urinary tract infection .

ü      Acute pancreatitis.

ü      Upper GIT bleeding.

ü      Heart burn.